Evaluation of IL-32 levels in gingival tissue and serum of experimental periodontitis model

Aim: Interleukin (IL)-32, a recently discovered proinflammatory cytokine, is demonstrated in several infectious diseases. The goal of this study is to investigate the levels of IL-6, IL-10 and IL-32 in gingival tissue and serum of rats with experimental periodontitis. Material and Methods: Experimental periodontitis was induced by placing a silk ligature around the cervix of both sides of mandibular first molars in each male rat except for control group (Group 1). Thirty male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into three groups of ten animals each as experimental periodontitis groups (Group 2, ligated for seven days; Group 3, ligated for fourteen days) and periodontally healthy control group (Group 1). At the end of experimental period, rats were sacrificed, and histomorphometric analyses were performed on the mandibles. IL-32, IL-10 and IL-6 levels were measured in gingival tissue and serum samples by ELISA. Results: Alveolar bone and attachment loss were statistically higher in all experimental groups than those in control group (P<0.001). It was found that the levels of IL-32 and IL-6 (P<0.01) and IL-10 (P<0.05) in gingival tissues were higher in Groups 2 and 3 than those in Group 1 except for IL-32 and IL-10 levels in Group 3. There was a positive correlation between levels of IL-32 and IL-6 in the serum and gingival tissues in all groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: The present results reveal that IL-32 values are locally increased in periodontitis. Proinflammatory cytokines properties, which are linked to periodontal tissue destruction, are also associated with IL-32.